Orcadian

Orcadian is the adjective used for things relating to Orkney, a remote archipelago off the north coast of Scotland. The Orkney Islands comprise about 70 islands and skerries, of which around 20 are inhabited. The largest island is Mainland, followed by Hoy, Sanday, Stronsay, and others. The inhabited population is in the low tens of thousands, and the islands cover roughly 990 square kilometers. Orcadian culture reflects a long maritime tradition and a history shaped by both Norse and Scottish influences.

The Orcadian dialect is a form of Scots characterized by strong Norse influence from centuries of Norse rule and Norse settlement. It retains distinctive vocabulary and pronunciation and is still spoken in everyday life alongside standard English. Place names and personal names on Orkney reflect this Norse heritage.

Historically, Orkney was part of Norse-ruled territories for several centuries before joining Scotland in the 15th century. This Norse legacy is evident in archaeology and toponymy; notable sites include Skara Brae, the Ring of Brodgar, and Maeshowe, as well as St Magnus Cathedral in Kirkwall. The islands have a rich archaeology and wildlife and host cultural events such as the St Magnus Festival.

In modern times, the Orcadian economy centers on agriculture, fishing, tourism, and renewable energy, with infrastructure connected to mainland Scotland by ferry and air services. The term Orcadian is also used in reference to the people who live on Orkney and to products, culture, and media associated with the islands, including The Orcadian, a local newspaper.