Onkoterápia

Onkoterápia, also known as cancer therapy or oncology treatment, refers to the medical treatment of cancer. It encompasses a variety of approaches designed to cure, control, or palliate cancer. The specific type of therapy used depends on many factors, including the type of cancer, its stage, the patient's overall health, and their preferences.

The primary modalities of onkoterápia include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Surgery involves the removal of cancerous tumors. Radiation therapy uses high-energy rays to kill cancer cells or shrink tumors. Chemotherapy employs drugs to kill cancer cells throughout the body.

In addition to these traditional methods, modern onkoterápia often incorporates targeted therapy and immunotherapy. Targeted therapies focus on specific molecules involved in cancer growth and progression, while immunotherapy harnesses the patient's own immune system to fight cancer. Hormone therapy is another approach used for cancers that are sensitive to hormones, such as breast and prostate cancers.

Supportive care is an integral part of onkoterápia, aiming to manage symptoms, side effects, and improve the patient's quality of life. This can include pain management, nutritional support, and psychological counseling. The field of onkoterápia is constantly evolving with ongoing research and development of new treatment strategies.