OnenessPentecostals

Oneness Pentecostalism is a movement within Protestant Christianity that adheres to a distinct theological doctrine regarding the Godhead. Unlike traditional Trinitarian theology, which posits God as three co-equal persons (Father, Son, and Holy Spirit), Oneness believers hold that God is one indivisible person, who has manifested himself in different ways throughout history as Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. They understand Jesus Christ to be the fullness of the Godhead in bodily form, the Father and the Spirit being designations for the one God acting in different capacities.

A key characteristic of Oneness Pentecostalism is its emphasis on salvation through faith in Jesus Christ and adherence to a set of practices considered essential for salvation. This includes baptism in Jesus' name only, where the candidate is immersed with the formula "in the name of Jesus" rather than the traditional Trinitarian formula. Speaking in tongues (glossolalia) is also widely viewed as the initial physical evidence of receiving the Holy Spirit. This belief is rooted in their interpretation of biblical passages such as Acts 2:38.

The movement emerged in the early 20th century, largely from within the broader Pentecostal movement, as a theological divergence over the nature of God. Prominent figures and early organizations played a role in its establishment and growth. Oneness Pentecostals are found in various denominations and independent churches globally, with significant communities in North America, Africa, and Asia. Their worship services are often characterized by energetic music, spontaneous prayer, and the manifestation of spiritual gifts.