Oligomenorröa

Oligomenorrhea is a medical term used to describe infrequent menstrual periods. It is typically defined as having periods that occur more than 35 days apart, or having fewer than 8 menstrual cycles in a year. This condition is a common cause of irregular menstruation in women of reproductive age.

The causes of oligomenorrhea can be varied and often relate to hormonal imbalances. Common culprits include polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which is a hormonal disorder causing enlarged ovaries with small cysts on the outer edges. Other contributing factors can include excessive stress, significant weight loss or gain, strenuous exercise, certain medications, and underlying medical conditions such as thyroid disorders or hyperprolactinemia. Adolescence and perimenopause are also times when menstrual cycles can naturally become irregular.

Diagnosis usually involves a review of the menstrual history, a physical examination, and blood tests to check hormone levels. Pelvic ultrasound may also be performed to assess the ovaries and uterus. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may involve lifestyle modifications, hormonal therapy, or addressing any associated medical conditions. If left untreated, oligomenorrhea can sometimes lead to complications such as infertility or an increased risk of endometrial hyperplasia.