Ointmentcreams

Ointmentcreams are semi-solid topical dosage forms designed to merge the properties of traditional ointments and creams. They are formulated as lipid-rich emulsions with a significant aqueous phase, yielding a product that is more occlusive and emollient than typical creams while offering greater spreading ease and washability than pure ointments.

Composition typically includes a lipid phase (such as mineral oil or petrolatum) combined with an aqueous phase. An emulsifier system or thickening agents stabilizes the emulsion, with ingredients like glyceryl stearate, cetyl alcohol, or carbomers. Preservatives, antioxidants, and, when needed, humectants may be added to preserve stability and improve skin feel.

Active pharmaceutical ingredients are incorporated in amounts appropriate for topical therapy and can include anti-inflammatory agents, antibiotics, antifungals, or antipruritics. The formulation aims to balance occlusivity and a cosmetically acceptable feel, providing extended contact with the skin without the heavy residue of some ointments.

Manufacturing involves standard emulsification methods, either hot or cold, with proper temperature control and adherence to good manufacturing practices. The product is stabilized by the chosen emulsifier system and thickener, and packaging is designed to minimize contamination and preserve stability. Storage typically requires protection from extreme temperatures and light as indicated by the product specification.

Clinical considerations include selecting patients who benefit from increased occlusion and moisturization, assessing skin condition and potential for API instability in emulsions, and monitoring for irritation or sensitization.

See also: ointment, cream, topical dosage forms.