Nägemisvigu

Nägemisvigu, more commonly known as refractive errors, are common conditions that affect how the eye focuses light onto the retina. This misalignment causes blurry vision, making it difficult to see distant or near objects clearly. The most frequent types of nägemisvigu include myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), astigmatism, and presbyopia.

Myopia occurs when the eyeball is too long or the cornea is too curved, causing light to focus in front of the retina. This results in clear vision for close objects but blurry vision for distant ones. Hyperopia, conversely, happens when the eyeball is too short or the cornea is too flat, making light focus behind the retina. People with hyperopia may see distant objects clearly but struggle with near vision.

Astigmatism is caused by an irregularly shaped cornea or lens, leading to distorted vision at all distances. This uneven curvature causes light to focus on multiple points instead of a single sharp point on the retina. Presbyopia is an age-related condition that typically begins after age 40. It occurs when the eye's natural lens loses its flexibility, making it harder to focus on close-up objects.

Nägemisvigu are usually diagnosed through a comprehensive eye examination performed by an optometrist or ophthalmologist. Treatment options typically involve corrective lenses, such as eyeglasses or contact lenses, which can reshape how light enters the eye to achieve clear vision. In some cases, refractive surgery, like LASIK or PRK, may be considered to permanently correct the error. Early detection and correction of nägemisvigu are important for maintaining good vision and quality of life.