NormalSaline
Normal saline, also known as 0.9% sodium chloride solution, is a sterile intravenous fluid widely used in medical care. It contains 0.9 grams of sodium chloride per 100 milliliters of water, delivering about 154 milliequivalents of sodium and chloride per liter and an osmolarity close to that of human blood plasma (roughly 308 mOsm/L). This isotonic property means it typically does not cause rapid shifts of water into or out of cells when infused.
Primary uses include restoring and maintaining intravascular volume in dehydration, blood loss, or shock, as well
Adverse effects are mainly related to fluid and electrolyte balance. Large or prolonged infusions can lead
Precautions and alternatives: clinicians may choose balanced crystalloids (such as lactated Ringer’s solution or Plasma-Lyte) to
Normal saline remains a foundational option in acute care and routine IV therapy, valued for its compatibility,