Nitrosylgruppen

Nitrosylgruppen is a chemical functional group with the formula NO. It consists of a nitrogen atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom, with a lone pair on the nitrogen. This group is also known as the nitroso group or nitroxy group. In organic chemistry, it is often written as -N=O.

The nitrosyl group is a paramagnetic species, meaning it has an unpaired electron, which contributes to its reactivity. It can be found in various organic and inorganic compounds. In organic chemistry, nitrosyl compounds are often formed by the reaction of amines with nitrous acid or other nitrosating agents. These reactions are important in various synthetic processes and in the formation of certain types of dyes and pharmaceuticals.

In inorganic chemistry, the nitrosyl group can act as a ligand, coordinating to metal centers. Metal nitrosyl complexes are of interest in catalysis and materials science. For example, nitroprusside, [Fe(CN)5(NO)]2-, is a well-known inorganic complex containing a nitrosyl ligand. The electronic structure and bonding of the nitrosyl ligand in metal complexes are complex and have been the subject of extensive study.

Compounds containing the nitrosyl group can exhibit a range of chemical properties. Some organic nitrosyl compounds, particularly N-nitrosamines, are known to be carcinogenic and require careful handling. The reactivity of the NO group can be exploited in various chemical transformations, making it a versatile functional group in both organic and inorganic chemistry.