Nibased

Ni-based refers to materials in which nickel is the principal element. In metallurgy and catalysis, the term encompasses nickel-based alloys, intermetallics, and catalytic systems. These materials are chosen for high-temperature strength, corrosion and oxidation resistance, and good formability, making them central to aerospace, chemical processing, and energy applications.

Most Ni-based alloys are composed primarily of nickel with alloying additions such as chromium, cobalt, iron, aluminum, titanium, molybdenum, and tungsten. In nickel-based superalloys, strength at elevated temperatures is often achieved by precipitation hardening through a gamma prime phase, Ni3(Al,Ti), along with solid-solution strengthening and carbide formation. Processing routes include casting and wrought fabrication followed by heat treatments; additive manufacturing is an active area of development.

Properties commonly associated with Ni-based materials include high creep resistance, retention of strength at temperatures above 600 C, and excellent resistance to many corrosive environments. Some grades are optimized for oxidation resistance and/or carburization resistance, while others emphasize toughness and fatigue life for demanding service.

Applications span turbine engines, exhaust systems, heat exchangers, and chemical processing equipment. Ni-based catalysts, including Raney nickel and supported nickel systems, are used for hydrogenation, reforming, and desulfurization reactions.

Notable families and examples include Inconel, Monel, Hastelloy, and Nimonic alloys. Ongoing research aims to improve high-temperature performance, reduce density, and enable additive manufacturing of complex geometries.