Neviem

Neviem is the first-person singular present tense form of the Slovak verb vedieť, which means to know. It is used to indicate that the speaker does not have knowledge about a subject or question. The negative form is created by prefixing ne- to the verb, yielding neviem, I don’t know.

Etymology and cognates: Neviem derives from the Proto-Slavic root shared by many Slavic languages. Cognates include Czech nevím (I don’t know), Polish nie wiem, and Russian не знаю (ne znayu). These forms reflect the common Slavic pattern of negating knowledge with ne- or not, combined with a verb meaning to know.

Usage: Neviem appears in a wide range of everyday speech and writing. It can stand alone as a complete answer or be expanded with additional information. Examples: “Kto je autorom tej knihy?” “Neviem.” (Who is the author of this book? I don’t know.) “Neviem, čo povedať.” (I don’t know what to say.) “Neviem, či prídem zajtra.” (I don’t know whether I’ll come tomorrow.) The tone can be neutral or cautious, and it is commonly used in informal conversation as a straightforward expression of uncertainty.

Grammatical notes: Neviem is the standard first-person singular form; other persons use corresponding negated forms (neviem, nevieš, nevieme, neviete, nevedia). In everyday speech, neviem is often used with a following clause or question to convey lack of knowledge.

See also: Nevím (Czech), nie wiem (Polish-influenced usage in neighboring languages). The word is an ordinary part of Slovak grammar and daily dialogue.