Neurochirurgicale

Neurochirurgicale is the feminine form of the French adjective neurochirurgical, used to describe anything related to neurosurgery, the medical specialty that diagnoses and treats disorders of the nervous system by surgical means. The related noun is neurochirurgie; the masculine form is neurochirurgical. In medical usage, the term appears in clinical descriptions, procedural names, and research contexts such as techniques neurochirurgicales or approches neurochirurgicales.

Neurosurgery covers diseases and injuries of the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and intracranial vessels. Indications include brain and spinal tumors, vascular malformations, traumatic injuries, degenerative spine disorders, hydrocephalus, and functional conditions such as movement disorders. Procedures range from tumor resections and aneurysm clipping to microvascular decompression, spinal fusion, and deep brain stimulation.

Modern neurochirurgical practice relies on microsurgical techniques, neuronavigation, intraoperative imaging and neurophysiological monitoring, awake surgery, and minimally invasive or endoscopic approaches. Advancements include stereotactic and radiosurgical methods, robotics, and image-guided therapies, aiming to increase precision and reduce morbidity.

In French-speaking regions, clinicians train through medical school followed by specialized residency in neurosurgery and ongoing professional development. Neurosurgical practice is typically centered in university hospitals or dedicated centers, with multidisciplinary teams including neurologists, radiologists, and oncologists. Ethical and safety considerations emphasize informed consent, patient selection, and management of perioperative risks.