Nestekidenäyttöön

Nestekidenäyttö, often abbreviated as LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), is a type of flat panel display that uses the light-modulating properties of liquid crystals. These crystals do not emit light themselves but rather block or allow light to pass through, or can polarize light. LCDs are commonly found in televisions, computer monitors, and mobile device screens.

The fundamental principle behind an LCD involves liquid crystals sandwiched between two polarizing filters and electrodes. When an electric current is applied to the electrodes, it changes the orientation of the liquid crystals. This change in orientation affects how polarized light from a backlight source is filtered. By controlling which pixels are activated and to what degree, the display can form images. Backlights, typically LEDs in modern devices, provide the illumination necessary for the display to be visible.

The color in a color LCD is achieved by using a color filter array. Each pixel is divided into sub-pixels, usually red, green, and blue. By controlling the amount of light that passes through each sub-pixel, a wide range of colors can be produced. The resolution of an LCD refers to the number of pixels it contains, typically expressed as width by height (e.g., 1920x1080). Higher resolution generally results in sharper and more detailed images.

LCD technology has evolved significantly, leading to improvements in contrast ratios, viewing angles, response times, and energy efficiency. Different types of LCD panels, such as TN (Twisted Nematic), IPS (In-Plane Switching), and VA (Vertical Alignment), offer varying characteristics in terms of performance and cost.