Nearverbatim

Nearverbatim refers to a text that reproduces a source’s wording with only minor changes. It sits between exact verbatim copying and a fully paraphrased restatement. In practice, nearverbatim text may retain most sentences and phrases, with limited lexical substitutions, minor punctuation adjustments, or slight reordering.

It is commonly encountered in academic writing and content aggregation. Because the core expression remains largely intact, nearverbatim can yield high similarity scores in plagiarism-detection tools and raise copyright concerns even if minor edits are made. Distinguishing nearverbatim from acceptable paraphrase requires evaluating whether the work adds original meaning, context, or analysis and whether proper attribution is provided.

Detection and implications: Tools that assess text similarity can flag nearverbatim as high overlap. Legally, even small changes do not automatically avoid infringement; outcomes depend on jurisdiction, licensing, and whether the use falls under fair use or fair dealing. Ethically, nearverbatim copying can mislead readers about authorship and diminish originality.

Prevention and best practices: Use quotation for exact wording and provide proper citations. When paraphrasing, substantially transform ideas, reorganize content, and integrate with your own analysis. Rely on multiple sources, summarize, and add critique or new insight to create genuine value. Consider using plagiarism checks as a safeguard and seek permission when required.