NaturkautschukAlternativen

Naturkautschuk, also known as natural rubber, is an elastic material derived from latex, a milky fluid produced by certain plants, most commonly the Para rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis). The process of harvesting involves making incisions in the bark of the tree, allowing the latex to ooze out, which is then collected. This raw latex is a complex substance containing primarily rubber polymers, water, proteins, resins, and inorganic salts.

The key component of natural rubber is polyisoprene, a polymer that gives the material its characteristic elasticity and resilience. When latex is collected, it is a liquid suspension. To transform it into a usable solid form, it undergoes a process called vulcanization, typically involving heating the rubber with sulfur. Vulcanization creates cross-links between the polymer chains, significantly improving the rubber's strength, elasticity, and resistance to heat and solvents.

Naturkautschuk possesses a unique combination of properties that make it indispensable in many applications. Its high tensile strength, elasticity, tear resistance, and impermeability to water are highly valued. It also exhibits good abrasion resistance and low heat buildup under dynamic stress. These attributes have led to its widespread use in a diverse range of products, including tires for vehicles, gloves, footwear, balloons, adhesives, and various industrial components. While synthetic rubbers have been developed to mimic some of these properties, natural rubber often remains the preferred material for applications requiring exceptional elasticity and resilience.