Natriumfosfaattia

Natriumfosfaattia, also known as sodium polyphosphate, is a water-soluble, inorganic compound with the chemical formula Na5P3O10. It is a white, crystalline powder that is commonly used as a sequestrant and builder in detergents and cleaning products. The compound is produced by reacting phosphoric acid with sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide.

Natriumfosfaattia functions by forming complexes with metal ions, such as calcium and magnesium, which are present in hard water. These complexes prevent the metal ions from interfering with the cleaning action of detergents and help to disperse soil and dirt more effectively. Additionally, natriumfosfaattia can act as a pH buffer, maintaining the alkaline environment required for the cleaning process.

The compound is also used in food processing as a leavening agent and emulsifier. In the food industry, it is often referred to as E452i. Natriumfosfaattia is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in food products.

However, the use of natriumfosfaattia in detergents has been a subject of controversy due to its potential environmental impact. When released into the environment, natriumfosfaattia can contribute to the eutrophication of water bodies, leading to excessive algal growth and oxygen depletion. As a result, some countries have imposed restrictions on the use of natriumfosfaattia in detergents and have encouraged the development of more environmentally friendly alternatives.