Nanotubules

Nanotubules are microscopic, tube-like structures with diameters in the nanometer range. They are a class of carbon nanomaterials, similar to carbon nanotubes but with a hollow interior and typically a thinner wall structure. The term "nanotubule" can also refer to similar structures made from other materials, such as boron nitride or even biological molecules like proteins.

The formation of carbon nanotubes and related nanotubes often involves processes like chemical vapor deposition or arc discharge. These methods assemble carbon atoms into cylindrical structures. The precise arrangement of carbon atoms within the nanotubule wall, known as chirality, dictates many of its unique properties.

Nanotubules exhibit remarkable mechanical strength, electrical conductivity, and thermal properties. Their high aspect ratio and surface area make them attractive for various applications. These include reinforcement in composite materials, advanced electronics, sensors, and drug delivery systems. Research into controlling their synthesis and functionalizing their surfaces is ongoing to unlock their full potential. The study of nanotubes is a significant area within nanoscience and nanotechnology.