Nanonutrients

Nanonutrients are a novel class of micronutrients composed of nanoscale particles that are essential for plant, animal, and human health. Unlike traditional nutrients, which are typically molecules or ions, nanonutrients have dimensions in the range of 1 to 100 nanometers, conferring unique physicochemical properties such as increased surface area, enhanced reactivity, and improved bioavailability. These characteristics allow nanonutrients to penetrate biological barriers more efficiently, potentially leading to better nutrient uptake and utilization.

In agriculture, nanonutrients are utilized as nanofertilizers and nanopesticides to improve crop yields and reduce environmental impact. Their small size facilitates rapid absorption by plant roots and leaves, promoting more efficient nutrient delivery and minimizing leaching and runoff. Common nanonutrients include nano-silicon, nano-zinc, nano-iron, and nano-manganese, each tailored for specific plant needs.

In human and animal nutrition, nanonutrients are explored as delivery systems for vitamins, minerals, and other bioactive compounds. Their enhanced bioavailability can help address micronutrient deficiencies more effectively, especially in populations where traditional supplement forms are inefficient. However, due to their small size and high reactivity, the safety, toxicity, and environmental impacts of nanonutrients remain important areas of ongoing research.

Despite promising applications, the use of nanonutrients raises regulatory and health concerns. Ongoing studies aim to better understand their behavior in biological systems, potential accumulation in organisms, and effects on ecosystems. As research advances, nanonutrients may play a significant role in sustainable agriculture and personalized nutrition strategies, provided safety and environmental impacts are thoroughly validated.