nanofertilizers
Nanofertilizers are fertilizers that utilize nanotechnology to enhance the delivery, uptake, and efficiency of nutrients for plants. They typically involve nutrients formulated at the nanoscale (1-100 nm) or nanoparticle-based carriers that enable controlled release or targeted delivery. Nanofertilizers may include nanoscale nutrients (such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and micronutrients) as well as nano-encapsulated nutrients, nanocomposites, or coatings that modulate release.
Common forms include nano-urea, nanoparticulate phosphorus, encapsulated nano-nutrients in biopolymers, silica- or clay-based carriers, and polymeric
Advantages of nanofertilizers include higher uptake efficiency, potential for reduced fertilizer rates, and a smaller environmental
Regulatory status and research: Most jurisdictions require safety assessments and clear labeling. Ongoing research covers design