Naheinfrarot

Naheinfrarot, also known as near-infrared (NIR), refers to a segment of the electromagnetic spectrum that lies adjacent to the visible light range. It spans wavelengths from approximately 700 nanometers (nm) to 1 millimeter (mm), though the upper boundary is sometimes defined more narrowly around 2,500 nm. Near-infrared light is invisible to the human eye but can be detected by specialized sensors and certain animals, such as snakes and some insects.

This region of the spectrum is widely used in various applications due to its unique properties. In telecommunications, near-infrared light is employed in fiber-optic communication systems, where it carries data through glass or plastic fibers with minimal signal loss. It is also utilized in remote controls for electronic devices, such as televisions and air conditioners, where infrared signals transmit commands wirelessly.

In medical and scientific fields, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a non-invasive technique used for analyzing tissue composition, monitoring brain activity, and detecting blood oxygen levels. Additionally, near-infrared imaging plays a role in night vision technology, allowing for enhanced visibility in low-light conditions.

Near-infrared radiation is also relevant in astronomy, where it helps observe celestial objects obscured by interstellar dust. The heat emitted by stars and planets often falls within this wavelength range, providing valuable insights into their properties.

While near-infrared light is generally considered safe for biological tissues, prolonged exposure to intense sources can cause thermal damage. Proper precautions, such as using protective equipment, are recommended in industrial or medical settings where high-intensity near-infrared radiation is present.