Na2CO332H2O2

Na2CO332H2O2, commonly written as Na2CO3·1.5H2O2 or, in some formulations, as 2 Na2CO3·3H2O2, is the chemical compound sodium percarbonate. It is an adduct of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and is widely used as an oxygen bleaching agent. In aqueous solution or upon dissolution, it releases hydrogen peroxide, which decomposes to water and oxygen, providing oxidative bleaching action.

The compound forms as crystalline, water-soluble solids that are stable when kept dry. Sodium percarbonate is often described as a solid peroxide salt, containing both carbonate and peroxide moieties within its lattice. Its stability is sensitive to moisture and heat; exposure to water triggers the release of hydrogen peroxide, contributing to its cleaning and whitening properties.

Industrial production involves controlled reactions between sodium carbonate and hydrogen peroxide, followed by crystallization of the percarbonate adduct. The resulting material is typically manufactured as granular or tablet forms for use in consumer products. Its role as a convenient, solid source of hydrogen peroxide makes it a common ingredient in laundry detergents and household cleaners, particularly in products marketed as oxygen bleaches.

Applications and advantages include its ability to deliver active oxygen without the need to handle concentrated hydrogen peroxide solutions. It is favored for whitening fabrics, removing stains, and boosting cleaning efficiency. Safety considerations reflect its oxidizing nature: it can irritate skin and eyes and should be stored away from acids, organic materials, and moisture.

See also: hydrogen peroxide, sodium carbonate, oxygen bleach, peroxides.