NPY2R

NPY2R, also known as NPY2 receptor, is a G protein-coupled receptor that is primarily expressed in the central nervous system. It is activated by the neuropeptide Y (NPY), a peptide hormone that plays a role in various physiological processes, including appetite regulation, stress response, and pain modulation. The NPY2R is a member of the NPY receptor family, which also includes NPY1R, NPY4R, and NPY5R. These receptors are characterized by their ability to bind NPY and its analogs with varying affinities.

The NPY2R is coupled to G proteins, specifically Gq/11, which activates phospholipase C and leads to the production of inositol trisphosphate and diacylglycerol. This signaling pathway results in the mobilization of intracellular calcium and the activation of protein kinase C, ultimately leading to various cellular responses. The NPY2R has been implicated in the regulation of neurotransmitter release, synaptic plasticity, and neuroinflammation.

Mutations in the NPY2R gene have been associated with certain neurological disorders, including autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia. However, the exact role of NPY2R in these conditions is still under investigation. Additionally, NPY2R has emerged as a potential therapeutic target for various neurological and psychiatric disorders, as well as for obesity and related metabolic disorders.