Munuaiskerästulehdus

Munuaiskerästulehdus, also known as glomerulonephritis, is a condition that affects the glomeruli, which are the tiny filtering units in the kidneys. These structures are responsible for removing waste products and excess fluid from the blood, returning the cleaned blood to the body. In glomerulonephritis, the glomeruli become inflamed and damaged, impairing their ability to filter blood effectively.

This inflammation can be caused by several factors. It can be a primary kidney disease, meaning it originates in the kidneys themselves, or it can be secondary to other medical conditions such as infections (like strep throat), autoimmune diseases (like lupus or IgA nephropathy), or high blood pressure.

The symptoms of munuaiskerästulehdus can vary widely depending on the severity and cause. Some individuals may experience no symptoms, while others might notice blood in their urine (hematuria), protein in their urine (proteinuria), swelling in their legs, ankles, or face (edema), fatigue, or changes in urination frequency. In more severe cases, it can lead to kidney failure.

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, urine tests to detect blood and protein, blood tests to assess kidney function, and sometimes a kidney biopsy to examine the glomeruli directly. Treatment aims to manage the underlying cause, reduce inflammation, and preserve kidney function. This may include medications to control blood pressure, reduce inflammation, or suppress the immune system, along with dietary changes and potentially dialysis or kidney transplantation in cases of severe kidney damage.