MumpsMeaslesRubella

MumpsMeaslesRubella, commonly abbreviated as MMR, is a combined live attenuated vaccine designed to protect against three viral diseases: measles, mumps, and rubella. By delivering weakened forms of the respective viruses, the vaccine stimulates immune responses that reduce the risk of infection and transmission.

The vaccine contains attenuated strains of measles, mumps, and rubella viruses and is administered as an intramuscular injection. It is contraindicated in individuals with a severe allergic reaction to a previous MMR dose, to its components (such as gelatin or neomycin), or to a severe illness with fever. It is generally avoided during pregnancy, and people with certain immunodeficiencies should not receive it; vaccination decisions in these cases are guided by healthcare providers.

Typically, MMR is given in two doses as part of routine childhood immunization. The first dose is administered around 12 to 15 months of age, and the second dose around 4 to 6 years. Catch-up vaccination is recommended for individuals who have not completed the series or lack documented immunity, including older children, teens, and adults who may be at risk.

Efficacy after two doses is high, with substantial protection against measles, mumps, and rubella. Side effects are usually mild and can include fever, rash, or soreness at the injection site. Rare adverse events can occur, such as severe allergic reactions or, very infrequently, febrile seizures or temporary joint pain. MMR has contributed to significant declines in the incidence of these diseases in many regions and remains a core component of global vaccination programs.