Multiorganfunktionsstörungen

Multiorganfunktionsstörungen, often abbreviated as MODS or MOFS, refer to the progressive failure of multiple organ systems in a patient. This condition typically arises in the context of severe illness or injury, such as sepsis, trauma, pancreatitis, or major surgery. The underlying mechanism involves a widespread inflammatory response that overwhelms the body's compensatory mechanisms.

Initially, one organ may become dysfunctional. However, the same pathophysiological processes that impair this organ can then spread to other organs. For example, the inflammatory mediators released in response to a severe infection can damage the lining of blood vessels, leading to poor blood flow and oxygen delivery to various organs. This can result in the failure of organs like the lungs, kidneys, liver, heart, and even the brain.

The clinical presentation of multiorganfunktionsstörungen varies depending on which organs are affected and the severity of their dysfunction. Symptoms can include shortness of breath, decreased urine output, jaundice, confusion, and changes in heart rate and blood pressure. Diagnosis is made through clinical assessment, laboratory tests, and imaging studies.

Treatment focuses on supporting the failing organs and addressing the underlying cause. This may involve mechanical ventilation for respiratory failure, dialysis for kidney failure, medications to support blood pressure and heart function, and antibiotics for infections. Despite intensive medical care, multiorganfunktionsstörungen carry a high mortality rate, underscoring the critical nature of this condition. Early recognition and prompt management are crucial for improving patient outcomes.