Morelos

Morelos is a state of Mexico located in the south-central part of the country. It is bordered by the State of Mexico to the north, Puebla to the east, and Guerrero to the west and south; it has no coastline. The capital and largest city is Cuernavaca, known for its mild climate and gardens. The state is named after José María Morelos y Pavón, a leader in the Mexican War of Independence.

Geography and demographics: Morelos covers about 4,900 square kilometers and has a population of roughly 1.9 million. The terrain is largely mountainous with fertile valleys; climate varies with elevation, and Cuernavaca is often called the City of Eternal Spring.

History: The region was inhabited by Nahua peoples before Spanish conquest. It was incorporated into the Mexican state in the 19th century and named in honor of Morelos. The area is associated with Emiliano Zapata, a prominent figure of the Mexican Revolution.

Economy and culture: Agriculture—fruits, sugarcane, and vegetables—complements industry, commerce, and tourism. Notable sites include the Xochicalco archaeological zone, a UNESCO World Heritage site, and the Tepozteco site near the town of Tepoztlán. The Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos (UAEM) is the main public university.

Administration: Morelos is divided into 36 municipalities and is governed under a state constitution with an elected governor and unicameral congress.