Monocytóza

Monocytóza is a medical condition characterized by an elevated number of monocytes in the blood. Monocytes are a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in the immune system, particularly in fighting infections and clearing cellular debris. When the monocyte count exceeds the normal range, it can indicate underlying health issues.

The normal range for monocytes in adults typically falls between 2% and 10% of the total white blood cell count, or approximately 100 to 1,000 monocytes per microliter of blood. A count above these levels is considered monocytóza. This condition is usually detected through a complete blood count (CBC) test, which is a routine diagnostic procedure.

Several factors can lead to monocytóza. Chronic infections, such as tuberculosis, bacterial endocarditis, and certain fungal or parasitic infections, are common causes. Inflammatory conditions, like rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease, can also trigger an increase in monocytes. Furthermore, some types of cancer, particularly hematological malignancies such as leukemia and lymphoma, are frequently associated with monocytóza. Certain autoimmune disorders and recovery phases from acute infections or surgical procedures can also result in elevated monocyte counts.

Symptoms of monocytóza are often non-specific and depend on the underlying cause. If the monocytóza is a result of an infection, symptoms might include fever, fatigue, and body aches. In cases of inflammatory or autoimmune conditions, individuals may experience joint pain, skin rashes, or digestive issues. When linked to malignancy, other symptoms related to the specific cancer will likely be present.

Diagnosis of monocytóza involves a CBC test. Further investigations are then necessary to identify the root cause. These may include imaging studies, blood cultures, autoantibody testing, or a bone marrow biopsy, depending on the suspected underlying condition. Treatment for monocytóza focuses on addressing the primary medical issue responsible for the elevated monocyte count.