Miolania

Miolania is an extinct genus of large, horned, herbivorous reptiles that lived in Australia and New Caledonia during the Pleistocene and Holocene epochs. The most well-known species, Miolania platyceps, was a turtle-like creature that could reach up to 2.5 meters (8 feet) in length and weigh up to 200 kilograms (440 pounds). Its most distinctive feature was a pair of bony, horn-like protrusions on the back of its skull, which likely served as a defense mechanism against predators. Miolania also possessed a long, spiked tail, adding to its formidable appearance.

Despite its reptilian appearance, Miolania was not a turtle, but rather belonged to a separate group of extinct reptiles called Pleistocene megafauna. It is believed to have been a slow-moving grazer, feeding on vegetation. The extinction of Miolania is thought to be due to a combination of factors, including climate change and the arrival of humans in its habitat. The last known fossils of Miolania date back to around 3,000 years ago, suggesting it coexisted with early human populations in Australia and New Caledonia. Its presence provides fascinating insights into the unique evolutionary history of these regions.