Mikrotäyteaineiden

Mikrotäyteaineet, known in English as microfillers, are finely divided solid materials added to polymers to modify their properties. These particles are typically smaller than 1 micrometer in diameter. Their primary function is to improve mechanical characteristics such as stiffness, tensile strength, and abrasion resistance. They can also impact other properties like thermal conductivity, electrical insulation, and flame retardancy. The effectiveness of a microfiller depends on its particle size, shape, surface chemistry, and the degree to which it disperses within the polymer matrix. Common microfillers include silica, calcium carbonate, talc, and carbon black.

The addition of microfillers can significantly alter the rheological behavior of polymer melts, influencing processing conditions. They can increase viscosity, which may require adjustments to molding or extrusion parameters. Surface treatment of microfillers is often employed to enhance their compatibility with the polymer, promoting better adhesion between the filler and the matrix. This improved adhesion is crucial for effective stress transfer and for achieving the desired property enhancements. While microfillers are generally used to improve performance, their inclusion can sometimes lead to reduced ductility or impact strength if not properly incorporated. The choice of microfiller and its loading level are critical design considerations for achieving a balance of desired properties.