Mikroperimeteri

Mikroperimeteri refers to a specialized field within ophthalmology that focuses on the microscopic examination and surgical treatment of the retina, particularly the macula—a small central area of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed central vision. The term originates from the combination of "micro" (indicating precision at a small scale) and "perimeteri" (Greek for "surrounding"), though it is more commonly associated with the Greek word for "perimeter" or "surroundings" in the context of retinal structures.

This discipline relies heavily on advanced imaging techniques, such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) and fundus photography, to visualize retinal layers with high resolution. Procedures in mikroperimeteri often involve minimally invasive surgeries, such as vitrectomy or retinal detachment repairs, performed using microincisional tools and laser technology. The goal is to restore or preserve vision by addressing conditions like macular holes, epiretinal membrane (ERM), or diabetic macular edema.

Key techniques include:

- **Vitrectomy:** Removal of the vitreous gel to relieve traction on the retina.

- **Internal Limiting Membrane (ILM) Peeling:** Detaching a thin membrane to reduce scarring or traction.

- **Gas or Silicone Oil Tamponade:** Using air, gas, or silicone oil to reattach the retina post-surgery.

- **Laser Photocoagulation:** Sealing leaking blood vessels or stabilizing retinal tears.

Mikroperimeteri is particularly valuable for treating complex retinal disorders where precision is critical. Outcomes depend on factors such as the patient’s overall eye health, the extent of retinal damage, and adherence to postoperative care. While results can be highly effective, complications such as retinal detachment, infection, or cataract formation may occur. Advances in technology continue to improve the accuracy and success rates of these procedures, offering hope for patients with previously untreatable retinal conditions.