Microkeratomes

A microkeratome is a surgical instrument used in ophthalmology, primarily for refractive surgery. Its main function is to create a precise, thin flap on the surface of the cornea. This corneal flap is essential for procedures such as LASIK (Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis) and PRK (Photorefractive Keratectomy). The microkeratome is an automated device that utilizes a high-speed oscillating or rotating blade to make a smooth, uniform cut across the cornea.

The process typically involves securing the eye with a suction ring to stabilize it. The microkeratome is then positioned and advanced across the cornea, generating the flap. The thickness of the flap can be predetermined by the surgeon, allowing for customization based on the individual patient's corneal anatomy and the planned refractive correction. After the flap is created, it is carefully lifted, and the excimer laser is used to reshape the underlying corneal tissue. The flap is then repositioned.

Modern microkeratomes are designed for safety and accuracy, minimizing the risk of complications. Different models exist, offering variations in blade design, flap creation techniques, and automation levels. The precision of the microkeratome is crucial for achieving optimal visual outcomes in refractive surgery. It allows for predictable flap thickness and a smooth flap surface, which are important factors for proper healing and visual recovery after the procedure.