Mexicans

Mexicans are people who are citizens or long‑term residents of Mexico, or individuals who identify with Mexican nationality or heritage. Mexico is a republic in North America and the most populous Spanish‑speaking country in the world, with major urban centers including Mexico City, Guadalajara, and Monterrey.

Ethnically, Mexicans form a diverse society. The large majority identify as mestizo, reflecting mixed Indigenous and European ancestry. Indigenous peoples—such as the Nahua, Maya, Zapotec, and Mixtec—maintain distinct languages and traditions. Spanish is the predominant language, and Mexican law recognizes numerous Indigenous languages as national languages; bilingual education is present in some areas.

Culture and society in Mexico are regional and varied. Mexican cuisine features corn, beans, chiles, and a wide range of regional dishes. Arts, literature, music, and festivals—such as Day of the Dead—are important cultural elements. Religion has historically been Roman Catholic, though secular trends and religious diversity have grown.

Historically, the area now known as Mexico was home to civilizations such as the Olmec, Maya, and Aztec. It was colonized by Spain in the 16th century and gained independence in 1821. The 1910–1920 revolution helped shape the modern state, and in recent decades Mexico has developed a diversified economy, with strong manufacturing, services, and export sectors.

A large diaspora exists, particularly in the United States, where Mexican communities have longstanding social and economic ties with kin in Mexico. Domestic demographics include rapid urbanization and ongoing internal migration.