Metodologije

Metodologije is the systematic study of the methods used to generate knowledge within a discipline. It concerns the principles, concepts and theories that guide how research is designed, carried out and interpreted. Metodologije are not the same as methods themselves; methods are concrete techniques such as experiments, surveys, or textual analysis, while metodologije provides the rationale for choosing and applying those techniques.

A methodological framework typically includes the research questions, the philosophical assumptions about knowledge (epistemology), the overall research design, data collection and analysis procedures, and considerations of validity, reliability and ethics. Common methodological orientations include qualitative, quantitative and mixed-methods approaches, each with its own standards and tools. Within these broad categories there are numerous specific methodologies, such as case study, ethnography, experimental design, survey research, grounded theory or design science.

Metodologije arise from and reflect the traditions of a discipline, including theories about how knowledge is constructed. They help researchers justify choices, compare studies, and ensure transparency and rigor. In practice, the choice of methodology is influenced by the research question, the context, and practical constraints, and it often requires balancing competing aims such as depth and generalizability.

Critiques emphasize methodological pluralism, potential biases, and incomplete reporting. Good methodological work documents assumptions, limits, and procedures clearly to enable replication and critique.