Metamorphoses

Metamorphosis is a process of transformation in form, shape, or structure. In biology, it refers to development in which an animal physically changes as it grows. The term also denotes a thematic or stylistic transformation in literature and art.

Biological metamorphosis is categorized as complete (holometabolism) or incomplete (hemimetabolism). In complete metamorphosis, organisms undergo four life stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult, with larvae often worm-like and feeding differently from adults; examples include butterflies and moths, beetles, bees, wasps, and flies. In incomplete metamorphosis, immature forms (nymphs) resemble adults but usually differ in size and may acquire wings later; there is no pupal stage. This is seen in many true bugs, grasshoppers, crickets, and cockroaches. Some species show ametabolism, where juveniles resemble small adults and little dramatic change occurs after hatching.

In literature, Metamorphoses is a famous epic poem by the Roman author Ovid, composed around 8 CE. It presents a connected sequence of mythological tales that emphasize transformation, weaving Greek and Roman myths into a single narrative. Notable episodes include Daphne and Apollo, Narcissus, Medusa, and Arachne. The work has profoundly influenced Western art, literature, and culture, shaping concepts of metamorphosis and serving as a source for later adaptations and rewritings.