Meszyklus

Meszyklus, also known as the menstrual cycle, is a series of physiological changes that occur in the female reproductive system, primarily in the uterus and ovaries, approximately every 28 days. This cycle is essential for fertility and is characterized by four main phases: menstruation, the follicular phase, ovulation, and the luteal phase.

The menstrual phase, which lasts about 3 to 7 days, is marked by the shedding of the uterine lining through menstruation. This phase prepares the uterus for a potential pregnancy. The follicular phase, which lasts about 10 to 16 days, is characterized by the growth and maturation of a follicle in one of the ovaries. During this phase, the levels of estrogen and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) rise.

Ovulation occurs approximately in the middle of the menstrual cycle, around day 14. It is the release of a mature egg from the ovary. The egg is then available for fertilization by sperm. The luteal phase, which lasts about 14 days, begins after ovulation. During this phase, the corpus luteum, a temporary endocrine structure, develops in the ovary. The corpus luteum produces progesterone, which prepares the uterus for a potential pregnancy. If pregnancy does not occur, the corpus luteum degenerates, leading to a decrease in progesterone levels and the start of the next menstrual cycle.

The menstrual cycle is influenced by various factors, including age, hormonal imbalances, stress, and certain medications. Disruptions in the menstrual cycle can lead to conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis, and infertility.

Understanding the menstrual cycle is crucial for various aspects of health, including fertility, contraception, and the management of menstrual-related symptoms. Regular monitoring of the menstrual cycle can help individuals and healthcare providers identify any potential issues and provide appropriate interventions.