Melialis

Melialis is a genus of flowering plants in the family Brassicaceae, commonly known as the mustard or cabbage family. The genus contains a small number of species, primarily found in the Mediterranean region. These plants are typically herbaceous annuals or biennials. They are characterized by their four-petaled flowers, arranged in a raceme, and their fruit, a silique or silicula, which splits open when mature to release seeds. The leaves of Melialis species are often lobed or pinnately divided.

The taxonomy of Melialis has been subject to some revision, with species previously assigned to this genus sometimes being reclassified into others, or vice versa. Like other members of the Brassicaceae, Melialis species possess glucosinolates, compounds that contribute to the characteristic pungent flavors and aromas found in many mustards. Some species may have historical or ethnobotanical uses, though they are not widely cultivated or economically significant compared to other brassicaceous crops. Further research into the genetic and chemical diversity of Melialis is ongoing to better understand its evolutionary relationships and potential applications.