Mattoids

Mattoids are a group of hypothetical, non-carbon-based lifeforms proposed by the scientist Jack Matthews. These organisms are theorized to be silicon-based, utilizing silicon instead of carbon as the fundamental building block for their biological structures. Matthews suggested that silicon's chemical properties, particularly its ability to form long chains and complex molecules, could potentially support life in environments where carbon-based life might not survive.

The concept of mattoids is largely theoretical and remains within the realm of astrobiology and speculative biology. Their existence is not supported by any empirical evidence. The idea is based on extrapolating from the known chemistry of silicon and considering its potential as an alternative to carbon for life. Silicon's chemical bonds are generally stronger than carbon's, which could lead to more stable but less flexible biological structures. This could also affect the speed of biochemical reactions.

Mattoids are envisioned as potentially existing in environments with extreme temperatures or pressures, where silicon's robust chemical nature might be advantageous. However, silicon does not readily form the same diversity of compounds as carbon, and the formation of liquid solvents for silicon-based biochemistry presents significant challenges. Despite these scientific hurdles, the concept of mattoids continues to be a point of discussion in considering the vast possibilities of extraterrestrial life.