Matross

Matross refers to a historical military rank, specifically a soldier of low rank in an artillery unit. The term originates from the Dutch word "matroos," which historically meant a sailor, but evolved to denote a junior soldier in artillery or other specialized branches of service. In many European armies, particularly during the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries, matrosses were responsible for assisting the gunners in their duties. This included tasks such as loading cannons, preparing ammunition, and maintaining the artillery pieces.

The specific duties and status of a matross could vary depending on the army and the era. They were generally considered enlisted personnel, below the rank of corporal or sergeant, and were essential for the effective operation of artillery. Their role was physically demanding and required a degree of technical understanding related to the functioning of cannons and gunpowder. Over time, as military organization evolved and artillery technology advanced, the specific rank and role of the matross gradually disappeared or was absorbed into other enlisted ranks within artillery corps. The term is now largely obsolete in modern military structures.