MastzellstabilisatorTropfen

Mastzellstabilisator, or mast cell stabilizer, is a class of medications used to prevent allergic reactions by inhibiting the degranulation of mast cells. The exact mechanism is not fully understood, but these agents are believed to stabilize mast cell membranes and block calcium-dependent release of mediators such as histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins.

Common agents include cromolyn sodium and nedocromil. They come in several forms for different indications: intranasal sprays for allergic rhinitis, ophthalmic eye drops for allergic conjunctivitis, and inhalation solutions or powders for prophylaxis of bronchial asthma and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. Mast cell stabilizers are primarily used for prevention rather than immediate treatment of symptoms and are most effective when used regularly before exposure to an allergen.

Compared with modern anti-inflammatory therapies such as inhaled corticosteroids, mast cell stabilizers are generally less potent and may require frequent dosing. They do not terminate an acute allergic reaction and are best suited for prophylaxis during known exposure or seasonal symptoms.

Side effects are usually mild and localized, including throat irritation, coughing, nasal stinging, or eye irritation. Systemic adverse effects are uncommon due to limited absorption. They are considered relatively safe in many populations and are sometimes used in pediatric patients under medical supervision, though efficacy can vary by condition and individual response.