Marriage

Marriage is a legally and socially recognized union between individuals that establishes rights and obligations for the partners and their families. While definitions and practices vary by culture, religion, and legal jurisdiction, marriage commonly combines emotional commitment with social and economic cooperation and, in many societies, a framework for the upbringing of children.

Legal recognition is usually provided by the state and may be conducted as a civil ceremony or under religious auspices. Legal marriage typically confers rights such as joint property and taxation, inheritance and next-of-kin status, decision-making authority for medical care, and obligations of mutual support. Some jurisdictions recognize alternative forms of legal union, such as civil unions or domestic partnerships, with a subset of these rights.

Marriage customs differ widely. Some traditions require parental consent, betrothal, or arranged introductions; others emphasize individual choice and free consent. Rites may involve witnesses, a dowry or dowry-like practices, and ceremonies marking the union. In many countries, marriage can be same-sex, and in others it remains restricted. Poly marriages exist in certain cultural or religious contexts but are regulated or prohibited in many jurisdictions.

Marriage is usually reversible through divorce or annulment, and in some places through legal separation. Dissolution allocates property, supports, and child custody. Beyond legal aspects, marriage influences social status, family structure, and demographic patterns, and it remains a focal point of cultural and personal identity in many societies.