Markovketju
Markovketju is the Finnish term for a Markov chain, a mathematical model describing a sequence of random states in which the probability of each next state depends only on the current state (the Markov property). Markov chains can be defined in discrete time with a countable or finite state space and a transition matrix, or in continuous time by a generator matrix. They are a special case of stochastic processes.
Formally, a discrete-time Markov chain is a sequence {Xn} of random variables on a state space S
A central concept is the stationary (or invariant) distribution π satisfying πP = π, which, when unique and reached
Markovketjut are widely used in fields such as physics, biology, economics, queueing theory, and computer science.