Mammográfia

Mammográfia is a specialized medical imaging technique used to examine the breast tissue for the presence of abnormalities, most commonly to screen for and diagnose breast cancer. The procedure involves the use of low-dose X-rays to produce detailed images of the breast, which can reveal tumors, cysts, calcifications, and other changes in breast tissue.

The process generally includes two standard views: craniocaudal (top-down) and mediolateral oblique (angled side view), providing comprehensive visualization of the breast structure. Mammography is typically recommended for women starting at age 40-50, depending on healthcare guidelines, and is often conducted biennially or annually for routine screening. It can also be used diagnostically to evaluate symptomatic women or those with a family history of breast cancer.

Advancements in mammography technology include digital mammography, which offers higher image quality and easier image storage and transfer. Additional techniques such as 3D mammography (tomosynthesis) further improve detection rates by capturing multiple images of the breast from different angles.

While mammography is a valuable tool for early detection, it has limitations, including reduced sensitivity in women with dense breast tissue and a risk of false-positive or false-negative results. Therefore, it is often complemented by clinical examinations and other imaging modalities like ultrasound or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).

Overall, mammográfia remains a cornerstone of breast cancer screening programs worldwide, contributing significantly to early diagnosis and improved treatment outcomes.