Maidonpähkinäallergia

Maidonpähkinäallergia, often referred to as hazelnut allergy, is a common food allergy. It is a hypersensitivity reaction of the immune system to proteins found in hazelnuts. Symptoms can range from mild to severe and may include itching or hives, swelling of the lips, tongue, or throat, difficulty breathing, and gastrointestinal issues like nausea or vomiting. In some individuals, hazelnut allergy can trigger anaphylaxis, a life-threatening allergic reaction that requires immediate medical attention.

The diagnosis of hazelnut allergy is typically made through a combination of medical history, skin prick tests, and blood tests that measure the level of specific IgE antibodies to hazelnuts. For individuals with confirmed allergies, the only effective management strategy is strict avoidance of hazelnuts and products containing them. This includes being vigilant about reading food labels, as hazelnuts can be present in unexpected items like baked goods, chocolates, sauces, and even some vegetarian dishes. Cross-contamination can also be a concern, so it's important to be aware of preparation methods in restaurants and at home.

Hazelnut allergy is distinct from other nut allergies, though individuals with one tree nut allergy may have an increased risk of developing others. It is also different from oral allergy syndrome (OAS), which is a milder form of reaction involving raw fruits or vegetables that share similar proteins with certain pollens. If you suspect you have a hazelnut allergy, consulting with an allergist is recommended for proper diagnosis and management.