Mahatmyas

Mahatmya, in Hindu literature, refers to a class of narratives that celebrate the greatness or glory of a deity, a sacred place, or a historic event. In plural, Mahatmyas denote multiple such texts or sections. The genre functions as hagiography and exegesis, combining myth, ritual instruction, and guidance for pilgrims. A typical Mahatmya asserts the power and importance of its subject—often through miracles, salvific acts, or cosmic significance—and presents devotional worship and virtuous conduct as means to merit or liberation. These sections are usually embedded within Puranas, though some works are structured as standalone compilations.

Content and form: Mahatmyas recount how a deity or sacred site originated, manifested wonders, protected or redeemed devotees, and granted boons. They often connect a temple’s geography or a pilgrimage route to the deity’s exploits, reinforcing ritual worship, festival observance, and sacred geography.

Examples: The Devi Mahatmya, also known as the Durga Mahatmya, in the Markandeya Purana is among the best-known Mahatmyas. The Brahma Mahatmya appears in the Padma Purana, extolling Brahma and related sacred places. There are other Mahatmyas dedicated to various deities and local traditions, often appearing in regional or sectarian contexts.

Significance: Mahatmyas helped shape devotional practice by presenting divine power in accessible terms, legitimizing temples and pilgrimages, and transmitting sectarian identities. They continue to be read, chanted, and performed in Hindu communities as part of ritual and religious education.