MRTS

Mass Rapid Transit System (MRTS) is a high-capacity urban public transport network designed to move large numbers of people quickly within metropolitan areas. MRTS networks typically use electric trains on tracks that are grade-separated from other traffic, allowing operations without interference from road networks. Alignments are often elevated or underground in dense city cores, with occasional at-grade sections where space and safety permit. The goal is reliable, high-frequency service that complements buses and other rail services.

Key characteristics include high capacity trains, frequent headways, and fast journeys between major centers and suburbs. Vehicles are usually electric multiple units, and systems employ centralized signaling, automated or semi-automated control, and passenger information systems. Stations are designed for efficient passenger flow and easy accessibility, often featuring platform screen doors in underground sections.

In practice, MRTS terminology is used most prominently in India, where the label Mass Rapid Transit System has been applied to certain urban rail projects intended to augment existing suburban networks. Examples include Chennai MRTS and other city initiatives that seek to provide an alternative to road congestion. In other parts of the world, similar networks are commonly referred to as metro or rapid transit systems, with MRT or MRTS used less uniformly.

Operations are typically overseen by government agencies, public transit authorities, or public-private partnerships. Infrastructure investment is substantial, covering right-of-way, stations, rolling stock, and signaling. Benefits include reduced travel times, lower road traffic, and improved urban mobility, while challenges can include high capital costs, land acquisition, and integrating new lines with legacy rail or bus networks.