MCLXXII

MCLXXII is the Roman numeral for the integer one thousand one hundred seventy‑two. The numeral appears chiefly in references to the year 1172 AD, a year of considerable activity in medieval Europe, the Near East and the Indian subcontinent. In 1172 the English monarch Henry II continued to strengthen his authority after the assault on Lewes in 1170, convening a formal assembly at Westminster in an effort to secure the loyalty of the English nobility. While the king worked to secure his realm, the Crusader states in the Levant faced continual pressure from the Ayyubid forces under Saladin, whose campaigns in that year extended control over portions of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. In Iberia King Alfonso VIII of Castile continued his campaigns in the Reconquista, striking at Muslim–ruled territories in the southern part of the peninsula. Across a wider Eurasian spectrum, the Seljuk Empire was in decline, with regional governors asserting autonomy; in the northwest Indian subcontinent the Delhi Sultanate's early leaders faced internal challenges. Sufi mystic figures such as Nizamuddin Auliya were active in the Indian heartland, and the dynastic changes in Japan, particularly the struggles within the Kamakura shogunate, also marked the period. In historiography, the year 1172 is often distinguished by its political turbulence and the emergence of administrative institutions that would shape subsequent national histories. The numeral MCLXXII is sometimes used in modern contexts—such as product names or artistic works—to evoke a medieval or antique motif, reflecting its recognizable designation of the year 1172.