Lülivaheketas

Lülivaheketas, also known as an intervertebral disc, is a cartilaginous cushion located between the vertebrae of the spine. These discs act as shock absorbers, distributing mechanical stress and allowing for movement of the spine. Each lülivaheketas consists of two main parts: the annulus fibrosus, a tough outer layer of fibrocartilage, and the nucleus pulposus, a gel-like inner core. The nucleus pulposus is composed primarily of water and proteoglycans, which gives it its resilient and fluid-like properties.

Over time, the lülivaheketas can undergo degenerative changes, a process often referred to as disc degeneration. This can lead to a decrease in water content, reducing the disc's ability to absorb shock. Factors such as aging, genetics, and repetitive strain can contribute to this degeneration. In some cases, the annulus fibrosus can tear or rupture, allowing the nucleus pulposus to protrude or herniate. This is commonly known as a herniated disc or prolapsed disc.

A herniated lülivaheketas can press on nearby spinal nerves, causing symptoms such as pain, numbness, or weakness in the back, legs, or arms, depending on the location of the herniation. Treatment for lülivaheketas problems ranges from conservative measures like physical therapy and pain medication to surgical interventions in more severe cases. Maintaining good posture, regular exercise, and proper lifting techniques can help promote spinal health and reduce the risk of lülivaheketas injury.