Löökpuurimine

Löökpuurimine, also known as percussion drilling or cable tool drilling, is a method used to excavate boreholes, particularly in hard rock formations. This technique relies on repeated impacts to break up the ground. A heavy drill bit, often referred to as a "sinker" or "jars," is lifted and dropped repeatedly onto the target material. The lifting is typically done using a rope or cable attached to a derrick or a specialized machine. The impact of the bit fractures the rock, and the debris is then periodically removed from the borehole.

The process involves a cyclical motion: the drill string is raised, then allowed to fall under its own weight, striking the bottom of the hole. Water or drilling mud is often added to the borehole to help carry the cuttings to the surface and to cool the drill bit. Specialized tools, such as augers or bailers, are used to remove the pulverized material. Löökpuurimine is well-suited for drilling in areas where other drilling methods might struggle due to hard rock or difficult terrain. It is a relatively slow process but can be effective for creating deep and stable boreholes. Historically, it was a primary method for water well drilling and mining exploration.