Lövészet

Lövészet is a sport and activity focused on precision shooting at targets using firearms or air guns. It encompasses a range of disciplines pursued indoors at ranges and outdoors on fields, and includes individual and team formats. In competitive contexts, events are organized by weapon type and distance, with scoring based on accuracy.

Historically, organized sport shooting developed in Europe during the 19th century through clubs and national associations. The International Shooting Sport Federation (ISSF) governs many Olympic and other international events, setting rules for equipment, distances, and scoring. National federations and continental bodies administer events within regions and countries, including Hungary.

Disciplines include rifle events (such as air rifle and small-bore rifle at fixed distances), pistol events (including air pistol and various precision and rapid-fire formats), and shotgun events (trap, skeet, and related disciplines). In addition to traditional Olympic disciplines, there are other formats and para-shooting categories governed by separate classifications and organizations.

Safety and training are central to lövészet. Core rules require treating every firearm as loaded, keeping the muzzle pointed in a safe direction, and keeping the finger off the trigger until ready to shoot, along with following range commands. Training emphasizes stance, sight picture, breathing, trigger control, and mental focus, with appropriate eye and ear protection as standard.

Equipment and venues vary by discipline. Competitors use sport rifles or pistols and air guns, or shotguns for shotgun events. Ranges range from indoor 10-meter facilities to outdoor ranges, and dedicated shotgun fields. Competitive activity contributes to national rankings and international championships.