Lõualuuvalu

Lõualuuvalu, also known as mandibular fracture or jaw fracture, refers to a break in the mandible, the lower jawbone. This type of injury can occur due to trauma from accidents, falls, sports injuries, physical altercations, or medical conditions that weaken the bone, such as osteoporosis. Symptoms typically include pain, swelling, bruising, difficulty chewing or speaking, misalignment of the teeth, and possible numbness or tingling in the face or lips due to nerve involvement.

Diagnosis usually involves a physical examination, medical history review, and imaging studies such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRI to assess the extent of the fracture. Treatment depends on the severity and location of the break. Minor fractures may heal on their own with proper rest and pain management, while more severe cases often require surgical intervention, such as wiring the jaw shut (intermaxillary fixation) or open reduction with internal fixation using plates and screws. Physical therapy and a soft diet may also be recommended during recovery.

Complications can arise if the fracture is not properly treated, including malocclusion (misalignment of the teeth), infection, nerve damage, or delayed healing. Proper aftercare, including avoiding hard or chewy foods, maintaining oral hygiene, and attending follow-up appointments, is essential for optimal recovery. Prevention involves wearing protective gear during high-risk activities and addressing underlying conditions that may weaken the jawbone.