Ludzkimi

Ludzkimi is the instrumental plural form of the Polish adjective ludzki, meaning human or relating to humans. It is used when the adjective describes a plural noun in the instrumental case, often in phrases that denote attributes, conditions, or relations involving people. Typical examples include z ludzkimi ograniczeniami (with human limitations), z ludzkimi emocjami (with human emotions), and prawami ludzkimi (human rights).

Etymology and related forms: the adjective ludzki derives from the noun lud, meaning people, and develops through the usual Slavic suffixing to form an adjective. Related terms in Polish include ludzkość (humankind) and the noun człowiek (man/person). The instrumental plural ending of ludzki is -imi, as in ludzkimi.

Usage notes: ludzkimi agrees with the noun it modifies in gender, number, and case. It appears in contexts discussing human-centered qualities, rights, experiences, or conditions, and commonly appears after prepositions that require the instrumental case, such as z (with) or według (according to).

Examples of use:

- z ludzkimi ograniczeniami

- w kontaktach ludzkimi emocjami

- prawami ludzkimi

See also: ludzki (the base adjective), ludzkie (the neuter/plural feminine form in nominative), człowiek (the root concept of a human).

Ludzkimi serves as a precise grammatical form rather than a standalone concept; its meaning is derived from the broader sense of ludzki and the noun it modifies.